The s Ontological Proof For The Existence Of God Essay

In his Proslogion, written in 1077-1078, St. Anselm of Canterbury, introduced the first formulation of his ontological proof for the existence of God. In an effort to gain a deeper knowledge and acquaintance with his creator, Anselm set out to logically deduce God’s existence from the very definition of God. In the Proslogion he writes, â€Å"God is that which a greater cannot be thought. Whoever understands this properly, understands that this being exists in such a way that he cannot, even in thought, fail to exist† (Anselm, 101). Anselm uses this definition as the fundamental argument for his proof of God’s existence. He argues that if the â€Å"fool† or disbeliever denies the existence of God, he is still capable of understanding the definition of God, thereby God exists in his mind as a mental image but not necessarily in reality. However, since the very definition of God is â€Å"that which a greater cannot be thought† and surely what exists both mentally and in reality must be greater than what exists only mentally, then God’s existence in the fool’s thoughts must inevitably imply his existence in reality, as well. If that’s not true, than the thought the fool has cannot be of God, since if that thought only exists mentally then there must be something greater than it is and that goes against Anselm’s definition. Ultimately, according to Anselm’s definition, it would be self-contradictory to deny the existence of such a being. About two centuries after the writing ofShow MoreRelatedAugustine s Ontological Proof For The Existence Of God1456 Words   |  6 PagesAugustine’s Ideo-Ontological proof for the existence of god. However, as with most things of a philosophical nature, there is no simple right or wrong, A or B reading of the Ideo-Ontological proof. Despite any possible contention that may occur over the interpretations of the Ideo-Ontological proof, there is no doubt tha t the proof contributed greatly towards the development of western philosophy, as started by Plato centuries prior. The primary concept behind the Ideo-Ontological proof is that god is a thinkerRead MoreThe Cosmological Argument For The Existence Of God Essay1556 Words   |  7 Pagesconcerning the existence of God. If God exists, we probably have to make him accountable. The universe would probably have a meaning and a purpose. Also, our very existence may not be cease after physical death. But if God does not exist, we are probably here by chance and we have no accountability to any transcendent. This life is probably all we have, so we should live as we please. The question arises - Does God exist? At first glance, it seems contradictory to prove the existence of somethingRead MoreHeidegger, Kant, And The Ontological Argument985 Words   |  4 PagesHeidegger, Kant, and the Ontological Argument In the introduction to The Basic Problems of Phenomenology, Martin Heidegger explains that throughout the history of philosophy, there has been many discoveries of the â€Å"domains of being† viz., â€Å"nature, space, and soul†. However, none of these discoveries could be appreciated in a way that clarifies â€Å"their specific being.† As an example, Heidegger interprets this problem, as the reason Plato understood why the soul, along with its logos, was a differentRead MoreEssay on Hegel and Kant on the Ontological Argument1748 Words   |  7 PagesKant on the Ontological Argument ABSTRACT: I intend to present Kants refutation of the ontological argument as confronted by Hegels critique of Kants refutation. The ontological argument can be exposed in a syllogistic way: everything I conceive as belonging clearly and distinctly to the nature or essence of something can be asserted as true of something. I perceive clearly and distinctly that existence belongs to the nature or essence of a perfect being; therefore, existence can be statedRead More Gods Existence Essay1554 Words   |  7 Pageshas challenged the existence of God. This may happen for a number of reasons. For example he or she might have been at a point in their life when their faith alone was just not enough for them to believe. Humans have a natural instinct to find reasons for events that canamp;#8217;t be explained. For some, the existence of God may help give them the answers they are looking for. Philosophers spend a great deal of their time trying to prove or to disprove the existence of God. One philosopher thatRead MoreValidity And Effectiveness Of Anselm s Ontological Argument On The Existence Of God1095 Words   |  5 PagesSkeen Essay 1 Assignment Phil 141 Fall 2016 Frank In this philosophical paper I will be examining the validity and effectiveness of Anselm s Ontological Argument on the existence of God. I will begin by presenting Anselm’s Ontological Argument from the ground up. This includes the argument, basic idea, initial assumptions, Anselm’s definition of god, and Anselm s distinctions which are needed to completely understand the nature of my argument. Furthermore, I will present concepts of logic and defineRead MoreAnshelm ¬Ã‚ ¥s Proof of God ¬Ã‚ ¥s Existence1466 Words   |  6 PagesThe question about the existence of God or, more generally speaking, of a supernatural entity that steers the course of the world, is probably as old as humanity itself. Many great philosophers were concerned with this basic and yet so important question which remains to be a controversial issue to this day! In the following I will commit myself to the above-mentioned question by firstly reconstructing Anselm ´s proof of God ´s existenc e and secondly considering his position in the light of the critiqueRead MoreOntological Argument For The Existence Of God1083 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout this paper I will discuss the argument of Anselms ontological argument for the existence of god. His basis of his argument being an analytical breakdown for the reason fot gods exsistence. While also establishing that Anselms inferences found with his use of deduction and logical means to prove the existence of a higher being are indeed true. In addition I will defend Anselms argument by depicting other people’s objections against his argument. Specifically the argument made by GauniloRead MoreThe Arguments For The Existence Of God1056 Words   |  5 PagesNovember 2015 Rough Draft for The arguments for the Existence of God. The question Does God Exist? is a well-known asked question in the world. Most people believe they know the answer to it. The religious people would say, well of course he does, while the non-religious people or atheist would say no He does not exist. Because evil exist and chaos exists, God cannot be all-powerful. In the modern world, there are many different opinions as to whether a God exists or not. This has been an issue of greatRead MoreEssay on Anselm’s Ontological Argument1217 Words   |  5 PagesThe ontological argument for God’s existence is a work of art resulting from philosophical argumentation. An ontological argument for the existence of God is one that attempts the method of a priori proof, which utilizes intuition and reason alone. The term a priori refers to deductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning is the type of reasoning that proceeds from general principles or premises to derive particular information. The argument works by examining the concept of God, and arguing that it implies

Reading Is An Activity With A Purpose - 1476 Words

Introduction Reading is an activity with a purpose. A person may read in order to gain information or verify existing knowledge, or in order to critique a writer s ideas or writing style. A person may also read for enjoyment, or to enhance knowledge of the language being read. The purpose(s) for reading guide the reader s selection of texts (NLRC, 2005, 2010). Reading research shows that good readers: †¢ Read extensively †¢ Integrate information in the text with existing knowledge †¢ Have a flexible reading style, depending on what they are reading †¢ Are motivated †¢ Rely on different skills interacting: perceptual processing, phonemic processing, recall †¢ Read for a purpose; reading serves a function Reading is Fundamental: Why do†¦show more content†¦This brings us to the top five reasons nonreaders hate to read: †¢ The material is too BORING †¢ The material is too TRICKY and hard to REMEMBER †¢ The material is too TIME CONSUMING †¢ The material is IRRELEVANT †¢ The material makes them feel SLOW or ‘STUPID’ The 2007 report To Read or Not to Read from the NEA provides troubling statistics on reading rates for young people (Teaching Strategies, 2012): †¢ Less than one-third of 13-year-olds read every day †¢ Fifteen- to 24-year-olds spend only seven to 10 minutes a day reading voluntarily †¢ Half of 18- to 24-year-olds do not read for pleasure at all Students who don’t read often do not develop good reading skills. How does this affect the big picture? To Read or Not to Read and the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy illustrate how people who do not read well struggle in their adult lives (Teaching Strategies, 2012): †¢ 63 percent of employers rate reading comprehension skills â€Å"very important,† but 38 percent find high school graduates deficient in this skill †¢ One in five U.S. workers reads at a lower skill level than their job requires †¢ 44 percent of low-skilled readers lack a full-time or part-time job, which is twice the percentage of proficient readers †¢ 43 percent of adults with very low literacy skills live in poverty, compared with only 4 percent with a high level of literacy †¢ Only 3 percent of adults in U.S. prisons read at a proficient level TheShow MoreRelatedBalance Approach to Teaching Reading955 Words   |  4 Pages Balance Approach to Teaching Reading A balanced literacy program providesRead MoreReading And Learning Abilities Through Writing1389 Words   |  6 Pagesto read and understand complex texts, read higher level informational texts, expand their academic vocabulary and communicate their reading and learning abilities through writing, in order to meet the Common Core Standards (Buehl, 2014). Researchers indicate that comprehension occurs when a reader engages with the text by creating meaning from what he or she is reading (Buehl, 2014). Four conditions that determine what meaning a reader will construct are, the readers, the text, the task, and the contextRead MoreThe Theory Of Mind Reading Robot977 Words   |  4 PagesMind reading Robot Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to design a greatest technology system called mind reading robot. It will be able to detect any suspicious activity from humans. Here, the focus is on mind reading mechanism, which is indispensable in humans’ activity and evil thought. I propose a model of utterance understanding based on this mechanism. My hypothesis will be following: by reading human’s mind robot can estimate the object’s intention with ease. And moreover, it can detectRead MoreComprehension Is The Purpose Of Reading1039 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to Thompkins (2016) comprehension is the purpose of reading, students need to understand and enjoy what they are reading to learn from it. It’s the creative process of activating prior knowledge, to explore and apply what is read. For example, if students need to know how to play a new board game, they read the instructions for direction. Comprehension implies different levels of thinking: from literal to infe rential, then critical and evaluative. Literal is the first level of comprehensionRead MoreReading Activities Help Students Comprehend A Complex Text1344 Words   |  6 PagesResearch has shown that close reading activities help students comprehend a complex text. This means that through the close reading instruction, the learner would be able go deeper into the text and understand complex vocabulary exposed in the text. Moreover, this type of instruction benefits English Language learners when reading independently. Through scaffold like shared reading, interactive read aloud and think aloud, Burke (n.d.) states that since not all the learners are ready to read independentRead MoreMy Experience Teaching For The First Time A Close Reading Activity971 Words   |  4 PagesBased on my experience teaching for the first time a close reading activity I find that responding critically to a text is important because it lets you know more of the reading than event in a text. As a student, I did not like to read and I am guessing is because I was not taught effective reading strategies that could help me improve my reading comprehension and really understand the meaning behind the words of book. Through this activity, the learners, where able to go deeper into the text andRead MorePersonal Essay : Personal Literacy Narrative885 Words   |  4 Pages prefixes, suffixes, and much more. Teachers also taught me that reading could be fun, which encouraged students to want to read in their free time. Reading and writing are unique activities to me because these activities can be used academically or for personal entertainment. Reading has had a huge impact on my life in the past, present, and hopefully in the future. As a child, reading and writing always came with craft activities or competition. In Kindergarten, we studied a letter a week, so thisRead MoreOutline Of A Balanced Literacy1398 Words   |  6 Pagesprogram include the following: Teacher-Directed Reading/Instruction Small Group Instruction Word Development Writing Across All Content Areas Read Aloud Self-Selected Reading Each component is important in daily instruction in order to give students the opportunity to master all the parts necessary to be highly effective readers. Integration of literacy skills is the most effective way for students to understand how word development, writing, and reading all work together. Teachers will use formativeRead MoreReading And Analyzing For Comprehension Unit Plan1677 Words   |  7 PagesReading and Analyzing for Comprehension Unit Plan Name: Sacha Richards Language(s): English Language Arts Topic(s) of Unit: Annotating –Reading and Analyzing for Comprehension. Estimated Time: Five to Six 45 –minute sessions. Population: 40 students for both grade levels. Proficiency Level(s): Above Level Below Level On Grade Level Grade Level(s) :4th and 5th grade OVERVIEW Students learn about the purposes and techniques of annotation by examiningRead MoreNature vs Nurture Physical Development1595 Words   |  7 PagesDecoding is the process translating a written word into a spoken word (cracking the code). An individual who has developed adequate decoding skills can begin to acquire fluency when reading no longer requires a conscious, deliberate effort. When fluent, reading becomes automatic and consists of word recognition rather than sounding out and combining syllables necessary to decode words. Teaching decoding provides students with the keys to unlock new words. Teaching the regular phonetic patterns

Automation and Artificial Intelligence Free Essays

Automation is on an increase across all technologies and fields. This increase has led to the transformation, and the future role people play in Global workforce. The rise of artificial intelligence will result in the need for new skills and roles. We will write a custom essay sample on Automation and Artificial Intelligence or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some Skills and roles may disappear and others will evolve. Some industries may need more people and others may need less or none. The balance in human workforce will be impacted hard. Non-availability of required skills re-skilling will disrupt the workforce in all industries. Organizations and people would need to adjust to this change. While machines need to be built and maintained, artificial intelligence leads to job loss due to the skill gap and jobs eliminated by machines. Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Workforce Automation Artificial intelligence will result in improvement of productivity and economic growth, but millions of people may need to switch occupation or upgrade themselves to stay in the global workforce. Automation will have a far-reaching impact on the global workforce. By 2030 at a 15% midpoint level of automation adoption, 400 Million workers will be displaced by adoption of automation. According, to a 2-year independent study by the McKinsey Global Institute (Dec 2017). It is estimated that in 60% of the occupation almost one-third of the activities could be automated. A SurveyMonkey poll on AI conducted for USA TODAY also had overtones of concern, with 73% of respondents saying that would prefer if AI was limited in the rollout of newer tech so that it doesn’t become a threat to humans. USA Today. (Jan. 2, 2018). Unfortunately, with the pace at which automation and artificial intelligence are growing, 3 to 14% (75 to 375 Million) of the workforce will need to change their occupational category. Historical data on the technology shift â€Å"Innovation has generally liberated humans to be more productive,† says Rep. John Delaney. â€Å"Similar to the personal computer in the 1980s, AI will reshape our personal and business lives in such a dramatic manner, most companies today cannot comprehend the full impact,’ said Anand Rao, PwC US Data Analytics Innovation leader. Fear of technology advancement had always been there. From the textile revolution in 1811 with the advent of personal computers in 1980 world leaders and the Global workforce are worried about technological advancement. â€Å"The major challenge of the sixties is to maintain full employment at a time when automation is replacing men.† President Kennedy (1961). Although there had been concerns, every time a technology shift has happened more jobs had been created than lost. When a workforce is shifted from the usual mundane jobs, they have focused on more creative and productive areas, resulting in the advent of the human race. The past may not be an exact reflection of present or future. The advance of automation and artificial intelligence could be far reaching. A robot that could just build is different from a robot that could design and build. Artificial intelligence, Skill Gap Workforce Transition To be successful in an automated world, Man machine need to work together. One cannot replace the other. This would require new and niche skills with exceptional leadership skills. However, However, â€Å"77% of CEOs say they see the availability of key skills as the biggest business threat.† USA Today. (Jan. 2, 2018). According to an EY poll, 80% of the organization recognize the shortage of required talent to drive Artificial Intelligence adoption as the top challenge. Technology and Innovation along with the on demand human capabilities like leadership, creativity, problem solving, and passion will make organizations thrive in the market. Eventually an automated world is a possibility, however in the process will create major ripples in the workforce. The change would go beyond Man versus Machine and require re-learning and retooling. Impact on society Large corporations like Apple, Amazon, and Facebook had refused to comment on Artificial Intelligence. However, they do have people tasked with monitoring Artificial Intelligence. Microsoft had announced that they have created a review board called Aether – AI and Ethics in Engineering and Research. USA Today. (Jan. 2, 2018). Trusting and allowing Artificial Intelligence to control, drive cars and aeroplanes, and automated trading may eventually lead to AI taking control of learning and updating themselves resulting in an uncontrolled growth of machines. A study by McKinsey Global Institute (Dec 2017) suggests countries like China, India, USA and Germany will have more percentage of work activities displaced by automation. A 38 % of automation achievement would throw some western democracies to authoritarian policies to control the civil chaos as suggested by Brookings institution. Calum McClelland (2018). Governments and policy makers should handle this situation carefully. Conclusion Even if we successfully transition, we would lose all jobs to artificial intelligence and automation. Being creative and keeping us educated will give a good chance in this changing world. Reference Artificial intelligence: Doomsday scenario – or age of wonder? – USA Today. (Jan. 2, 2018) You can’t have a machine age without humans – PwC report – ENP Newswire. (Mar. 1, 2017) AI creates jobs, yet talent crisis remains, according to EY poll – ENP Newswire. (May 1, 2018) Jobs lost, Jobs gained: workforce transitions in a time of automation – McKinsey Global Institute (Dec 2017). How to cite Automation and Artificial Intelligence, Papers